Edgar Allan Poe
Of course I have always been aware of Edgar Allan Poe, but I was never really interested in reading any of his works. That was until last year- when the film 'The Raven' hit cinema screens. Recently released on DVD, the Raven provoked me to read some of Poe's short stories.
The Pit and Pendulum (1843)
The pit and pendulum is one
of Poe’s short stories.
An unnamed narrator opens the
story by revealing that he has been sentenced to death during the time of the
Inquisition (an institution of the Catholic government in the 15th/16th
century Spain that persecuted all Protestants and heretical Catholics).
When the narrator reveals he
has been sentenced to death he faints. When he wakes he faces complete
darkness. The narrator is confused as the usual fate of the Inquisition
normally takes the form of hanging.
Walking around the walls
leads the narrator to think he has been captured and is being prisoned in
Toledo, an Inquisition prison. When attempting to explore the tomb and see how
wide it is the narrator stumbles and collapses to the ground.
Waking to water and bread the
narrator continues his exploration of the tomb in complete darkness. He trips
and falls again finding he is on the edge of, what he assumes, is a pit in the
centre of the tomb. He finds a stone and throws it into the abyss, believing it
to be quite deep- the narrator explains the pit is a function of surprise.
After finding more water the narrator passes out again.
He wakes up to find the
prison dimly lit, and remarks that he overestimated its size. The narrator
finds he is now bound to a wooden board by a long strap wrapped around his
body. Looking up the narrator sees the figure of time painted on the ceiling.
Time has been made into a machine, a pendulum- which swings from the ceiling-
however it is not like any ordinary pendulum. The pendulum is constructed with
a razor-sharp crescent and is its descent towards him.
Rats begin to swarm up out of
the pit and surround him and the food which was left out for the captive. The
narrator remains hopeful as the pendulum is swinging and descending very
slowly. The rats climb on top of the narrator and chew through the strap keeping
him on the table. As the pendulum nears his heart and tears some of his
clothing- the rats break through the strap. When he gets up the pendulum
retracts the narrator is positive he is being watched…
…and that’s when the walls of
the prison begin to move inwards. The narrator realises it will move him
towards the pit in the centre. However, the walls stop moving inwards just as
the narrator begins to fall- to his great surprise someone latches onto him and
prevents him falling any further.
The French general Lasalle
and his army have successfully taken over the prison in their effort to
terminate the Inquisition.
The Masque of Red Death (1845)
A disease known as the Red
Death plagues the fictional country where this story takes place. The Prince,
Prospero, instead of mourning the plague – like many others, he instead feels
hopeful. He decides to lock the gates of his palace in order to fend off the
plague, ignoring the disease ravaging the land.
After several months he
decides to throw a masquerade ball. For the celebration, he decorates seven
rooms in his house, each having a different theme- Blue, purple, green, orange,
white and violet with the final room being black. This room also contains an
ebony clock, when is chimes each hour the sound is so loud that everyone stops
talking and the orchestra stops playing. When the clock is not sounding the
rooms are filled with people enjoying the masquerade, the black room is the
only place not filled with people.
At midnight a new guest
appears, dressed in a mask that looks like the face of a corpse and his
garments covered in blood suggesting that he is a victim of the Red Death. The
prince is angry at the guest and finally catches up to the guest in the black
room. As soon as he confronts the figure the prince dies. As soon as rest of
the party guests enter the room they find there is nobody underneath the
costume. The entire party soon dies, for the Red Death has infiltrated the
castle.
‘Darkness and decay and the
Red Death’ have at last triumphed.
The Murders in the Rue Morgue
This is one of Poe’s
detective fictions- the story centring on who killed Madame L’Espanaye and her
daughter Mademoiselle Camille.
An unnamed narrator begins
this tale of murder and criminal detection with discussion of the analytic
mind. He describes the analyst as driven paradoxically by both intuition and
the moral inclination to disentangle what confuses his peers. He adds that the
analyst takes delight in mathematical study and in the game of checkers, which
allows the calculating individual to practice the art of detection—not only of
the moves integral to the game, but also the demeanor of his opponent. The
narrator argues, however, that analysis is not merely ingenuity. He states that
while the ingenious man may, at times, be analytic, the calculating man is,
without fail, always imaginative.
The narrator describes how he
met C. Auguste Dupin- both men were searching for the same book at an obscure
library, in Paris. We soon see Dupin’s great understanding of the mind- as he
describes what the narrator is pondering over in his mind.
Soon, thereafter the narrator
and Dupin read the newspaper headlines about a horrible murder at the Rue
Morgue. One night at three a.m the neighbours hear L’Espanaye and her daughter
screaming from their apartment. The neighbours hear the voices of two people
and then silence.
The story moves on from here,
showing the newspapers witnesses and how they remember the scene of the crime.
The narrator and Dupin then begin to take a look around the L’Espanaye’s
apartment for clues as the police are at a loss. The two men that the witnesses
heard were unable to hide the body of the daughter up the chimney as it
impossible for only two men to perform such a physical task.
Dupin summarizes that no
human could have performed these acts and upon summoning a sailor to the scene
he learns he is right…
Learning that a sailor has
lost an ape- it soon becomes clear who is responsible for the murders in the
Rue Morgue.
The Oval Portrait
‘The Oval Portrait’ is a
short story by Edgar Allan Poe involving the disturbing circumstances
surrounding a portrait in a chateau. It is one of his shortest stories only
filling two pages in its initial publication in 1842.
The tale begins with an injured
narrator seeking refuge in an abandoned mansion in the Apennines- we have no
explanation of his wounds. He spends his time admiring the works of art
decorating the strangely- shaped room. He eventually discovers a painting which
shocks him which he refers to as ‘absolute life-likeliness of expression’. He
spends a moment in silent awe until he cannot bear to look at it anymore- then
he consults a book which describes the paintings found in the house.
The reminder of the story is
a selection from the book which discusses when it was created etc. The painting
was by an eccentric artist depicting his young wife, but he grew more and more
obsessed with the painting to the point he forgot about his wife’s personal
needs. When he finishes the painting and looks up at his wife he discovers that
she is dead and her spirit was transferred into the lifelike painting.